CASE OF NAVALNYY v. RUSSIA (No. 4) - [German Translation] by the Austrian Institute for Human Rights (ÖIM)

CASE OF NAVALNYY v. RUSSIA (No. 4) - [German Translation] by the Austrian Institute for Human Rights (ÖIM) Application No: 4743/21, 37083/21

Articles: 5, 5-1, 5-1-a, 2, 2-1, 3, 34, 41, 37, 37-1, 58, 1

Respondent state: RUS

Date: 2026-02-03

Conclusion:

Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention; Article 5-1-a - After conviction); Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention; Procedure prescribed by law); Violation of Article 2 - Right to life (Article 2 - Positive obligations; Article 2-1 - Life) (Substantive aspect); Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment; Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect); Violation of Article 34 - Individual applications (Article 34 - Hinder the exercise of the right of application); Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage; Just satisfaction)

Subject classification: Al-Hawsawi v. Lithuania, no. 6383/17, §§ 245-47, 16 January 2024; Ananyev and Others v. Russia, nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, 10 January 2012; Aydın Sefa Akay v. Türkiye, no. 59/17, § 115, 23 April 2024; Bacaksız v. Turkey, no. 24245/09, §§ 45 and 50, 10 December 2019; Belevitskiy v. Russia, no. 72967/01, §§ 57-67, 1 March 2007; Biržietis v. Lithuania, no. 49304/09, § 57, 14 June 2016; Borer v. Switzerland, no. 22493/06, §§ 45-47, 10 June 2010; Centre for Legal Resources on behalf of Valentin Câmpeanu v. Romania [GC], no. 47848/08, §§ 97 and 156, ECHR 2014; Danilczuk v. Cyprus, no. 21318/12, §§ 38 and 53, 3 April 2018; Del Río Prada v. Spain [GC], no. 42750/09, ECHR 2013; Denis and Irvine v. Belgium [GC], nos. 62819/17 and 63921/17, §§ 125 and 128, 1 June 2021; Dzieciak v. Poland, no. 77766/01, §§ 100-101, 9 December 2008; Enea v. Italy [GC], no. 74912/01, §§ 58 and 59, ECHR 2009; Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68 73, 17 January 2023; Gjini v. Serbia, no. 1128/16, §§ 76 80, 15 January 2019; Goginashvili v. Georgia, no. 47729/08, § 71, 4 October 2011; Guliyev v. Russia, no. 24650/02, § 61, 19 June 2008; Hammerton v. the United Kingdom, no. 6287/10, §§ 98 and 99, 17 March 2016; I.L. v. Switzerland, no. 72939/16, §§ 48-58, 3 December 2019; Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 18 January 1978, §§ 96 and 165-68, Series A no. 25; Kalashnikov v. Russia, no. 47095/99, § 97, ECHR 2002-VI; Khlaifia and Others v. Italy [GC], no. 16483/12, 15 December 2016; Kolevi v. Bulgaria, no. 1108/02, § 178, 5 November 2009; Koryak v. Russia, no. 24677/10, §§ 86-93, 13 November 2012; Kudła v. Poland [GC], no. 30210/96, §§ 90-94, ECHR 2000-XI; Kurt v. Austria [GC], no. 62903/15, §§ 157-60, 15 June 2021; Lazarenko and Others v. Ukraine, nos. 70329/12 and 5 others, §§ 22-25, 27 June 2017; Litvinov v. Russia, no. 32863/13, §§ 78-81, 22 March 2016; M. v. Ukraine, no. 2452/04, §§ 91-93, 19 April 2012; M.H. and Others v. Croatia, nos. 15670/18 and 43115/18, § 246, 18 November 2021; M.K. and Others v. Poland, nos. 40503/17 and 2 others, §§ 229-34, 23 July 2020; Makharadze and Sikharulidze v. Georgia, no. 35254/07, § 91, 22 November 2011; Makuchyan and Minasyan v. Azerbaijan and Hungary, no. 17247/13, §§ 89-92, 26 May 2020; Maylenskiy v. Russia, no. 12646/15, § 44, 4 October 2016; Mooren v. Germany [GC], no. 11364/03, § 93, 9 July 2009; Morabito v. Italy, no. 4953/22, § 112, 10 April 2025; Muršić v. Croatia [GC], no. 7334/13, §§ 96-101, 20 October 2016; Navalnyy v. Russia (no. 2), no. 43734/14, §§ 92-99, 9 April 2019; Navalnyy v. Russia (no. 3), no. 36418/20, 6 June 2023; Navalnyy v. Russia [GC], nos. 29580/12 and 4 others, §§ 166-76, 15 November 2018; Navalnyye v. Russia, no. 101/15, 17 October 2017; Nedim Şener v. Turkey, no. 38270/11, § 50, 8 July 2014; Nicolae Virgiliu Tănase v. Romania [GC], no. 41720/13, 25 June 2019; Nikolay Kucherenko v. Ukraine, no. 16447/04, §§ 39-41, 19 February 2009; Osipkovs and Others v. Latvia, no. 39210/07, § 46, 4 May 2017; Osman v. the United Kingdom, 28 October 1998, §§ 115-16, Reports 1998-VIII; Paladi v. Moldova [GC], no. 39806/05, 10 March 2009; Paul and Audrey Edwards v. the United Kingdom, no. 46477/99, §§ 54-64, ECHR 2002-II; Pivkina and Others v. Russia (dec.), nos. 2134/23 and 6 others, 6 June 2023; Reshetnyak v. Russia, no. 56027/10, §§ 62-80, 8 January 2013; Rooman v. Belgium [GC], no. 18052/11, §§ 146-48, 31 January 2019; Ruslan Yakovenko v. Ukraine, no. 5425/11, §§ 45-50, ECHR 2015; Salakhov and Islyamova v. Ukraine, no. 28005/08, §§ 176, 177 and 182, 14 March 2013; Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 99, ECHR 2000-VII; Shmelev and Others v. Russia (dec.), no. 41743/17, 17 March 2020; Sinan Işık v. Turkey, no. 21924/05, §§ 24 and 36, ECHR 2010; Štefančič v. Slovenia, no. 18027/05, § 35, 25 October 2012; Svetova and Others v. Russia, no. 54714/17, §§ 29-31, 24 January 2023; Tekın and Arslan v. Belgium, no. 37795/13, § 83, 5 September 2017; Tomov and Others v. Russia, nos. 18255/10 and 5 others, 9 April 2019; Trubnikov v. Russia (dec.), no. 49790/99, 14 October 2003; Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia [GC], nos. 8019/16 and 3 others, §§ 185 and 451, 9 July 2025; Ukraine v. Russia (re Crimea) [GC], nos. 20958/14 and 38334/18, §§ 894-97, 25 June 2024; Visloguzov v. Ukraine, no. 32362/02, §§ 98-100, 20 May 2010; Vorontsov and Others v. Ukraine, nos. 58925/14 and 4 others, §§ 42-49, 21 January 2021; Wenner v. Germany, no. 62303/13, § 57, 1 September 2016; Willcox and Hurford v. the United Kingdom (dec.), nos. 43759/10 and 43771/12, § 95, 8 January 2013; Yakovenko v. Ukraine, no. 15825/06, § 85, 25 October 2007; Yankov v. Bulgaria, no. 39084/97, ECHR 2003-XII (extracts); Yaroslav Belousov v. Russia, nos. 2653/13 and 60980/14, §§ 106 and 110, 4 October 2016; Yevgeniy Gusev v. Russia, no. 28020/05, §§ 56, 57 and 67, 5 December 2013;